The present study was performed to assess the association between SES and oral health behaviors in a large sample of the Korean population using data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Īll participants were asked about their lifestyle and socioeconomic characteristics by trained interviewers. However, information regarding the association between SES and oral health behaviors in the Korean population remains limited. In a previous study, individuals in the lower socioeconomic groups of the Korean Population were significantly more likely to require periodontal treatment ( 11). A study on 21,730 community residents in Japan also reported that people with poor oral health care habits had a higher risk of mortality ( 10). Paganini-Hill et al ( 9) followed 5,611 men and women for 17 years in the United States and reported that people with poor oral hygiene habits had a higher risk of mortality ( 9). Previous studies have investigated the association between risk of mortality and oral care habits. One study on the trends in tooth loss in Swedish women observed that women in lower social groups tended to have less remaining teeth, irrespective of age ( 8). It was also observed that socioeconomic factors are considered to be a strong risk factor for school children caries ( 7). Individuals belonging to higher income groups are less likely to report dental pain and more likely to be satisfied with their oral health status than their lower socioeconomic counterparts ( 5). ![]() A previous study conducted among adults has indicated that individuals from lower socioeconomic positions tend to have a higher degree of clustering of multiple risk factors for poor dental hygiene, as compared with those in higher socioeconomic positions ( 3). It has been demonstrated that the effects of social inequalities on oral health are observable regardless of the method of social classification and the measure of oral health or disease ( 6). Previous studies have examined the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the health-related behaviors of adults ( 3– 5). Oral health is also significantly associated with various systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory disease and rheumatoid arthritis ( 1– 2). Periodontal diseases and tooth decay may be exacerbated without good oral hygiene. Good oral hygiene behavior is necessary for the maintenance of oral health. Within the limits of the present study, income and education were suggested as potential risk indicators for oral health behaviors therefore, patients with a low SES should be investigated further, in relation to oral health. The present study demonstrated an association between SES and oral health behaviors in a large sample of the Korean population. ![]() The adjusted odds ratios for the use of secondary oral products in the highest income and highest education groups were 1.835 (95% CI, 1.559–2.161) and 5.736 (95% CI, 4.734–6.951), respectively, after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, BMI, exercise, calorie intake, periodontal treatment requirements or income. Following adjustment for age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, energy intake, fat intake, periodontal treatment needs and education or income, the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of tooth brushing ≥3 per day in the highest income group were 1.264 (95% CI, 1.094–1.460) and 2.686 (95% CI, 2.286–3.155) for highest education level group. An association between SES and tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products was detected after adjustment. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the associations between daily tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products, and SES, urban/rural residence, body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake and smoking. ![]() ![]() Daily tooth brushing frequency and the use of secondary oral products according to demographic variables and anthropometric characteristics of the participants were assessed. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted between 20 by the Division of Chronic Disease Surveillance under the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare, were used in the present study. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the relationship between SES and oral health behaviors in a large sample of the Korean population. Socioeconomic status (SES) has been reported to be associated with oral health behavior.
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